Type-justifier.



PATENTED FEB B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFIER.

APPLIUATION FILED JUL Il, 1896. RENEWED FEB. 5, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

fizmsvzfazs fl. MIL '4 TH-E NORRIS PETERS co., wAsHmcwM, n c.

PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFIER. APPLIOATION FILED JULY1. 1895. RENEWED FEB. 5, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Jan /22am- A THE NORRIS PETERS c0, WASHINGTON, n c.

'PATENIBD FEB. 19, 1907.

13. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFIBR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1. 1m. RENEWED ran. s, 1906.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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vki/inesses r rns-uqnms PETERS co., wnsnmaron, n. c.

No. 844,559. P ATENTEE FEB.19,1907.

' B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFIER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1. 1895. RENEWED FEB. 5, 1906.

' 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

flit/asses lmwiuar:

1m: NORRIS PETERS 110., WASHINGTON, n. c.

PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIPIER. APPLICATION FILED JULYl. 1895. RENEWED FEB. 5, 190

e SHEETS-SHEET 6.

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[Fri W Inventor:

PATENTED' FEB. 19, 19:07.

B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFIER.

APPLIGATION EILEE JULYI. 1895. RENEWED EEE. 5. 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

H U I 112 122 Wi/Znes'ses THE NORRIS PETERS co., wAsnmaToN, n. c.

of justif ing-spaces from the line shortage TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN M. DES JARDINS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, BY MESN E ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE UNITYPE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

TYPE-JUSTIFIER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 19, 1907.

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN M. DES J AR- DINS, a citizen of the United States, residing in Hartford, in the county of Hartford and, State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Type-Justifier, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates particularly to typejustif 'ing machines, and consists chiefly in novel mechanism for calculating the widths and number of spaces or intervals in the line and novel mechanism for applying such calculation in selecting and ejecting the justifying-spaces from a space-magazine and insert-' ing them in the line.

The invention includes also various features of construction and combinations of parts adapted for use in type-justifying machines and other justif 'ing mechanism.

For a full understanding of the invention a detailed description of a construction embodj'ing the same as applied in a t ."pe-justi fier of a preferred form will now be given in connection with the accompanying draw ings, forming a part of this specification, and the features forming the invention will then be specifically pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my machine; Fig. 2, a plan view of said machine; Fig. 3, a side elevation of the same; Fig. 4; a transverse vertical section taken behind the space; channels looking toward the front; Fig. 5, an enlarged detailed view showing the gage-bars and the operating-levers; Fig. 6, a front view of the adjustable guard which' limits the number of spaces ejected; Fig. 7, a diagram illustrating the position of the gagebars when raised for seven spaces; Fig. 8, a diagram illustrating the position and height of seven spaces in each of the space-channels; and Figs. 9 and 10, respectively, similar diagrams to those shown in the two preceding figures, illustrating the same elements with reference to the number four instead of seven.

Similar letters and figures of reference designate like parts in the drawings and specification.

The main framework is designated by the letter A, the galley for unjustified lines of* type by a, and the galley for the justified column by b. The measuring elements are numbered 111 111 &c., said elements consisting of a plurality of lever-arms of different lengths arranged to operate a similar number of sliding gages. The numerals employed between 400 and. 500 refer to the parts that have to do with ejecting spaces from the space-channels, and the 500s refer to the intermediate space holder and transferring device.

The left end of the lower galley a abuts the open line-channel 121, and the left wall 201 of said channel limits the movement in that direction'of a column of type in said galley. The wall 201 is fastened to the frame A at the left of the galley a and extends upward to the lower part of the galley I). Said wall is slotted lengthwise to permit the lifting point or edge of the rule 200 to pass through. The channel 121 is traversed by the limiting-stop 120 which designates the point to which type-lines should extend, and is provided with the handle 206. The stop 120* is normally retained outside of the channel 121' and out of the path of the type-line therein by the resiliency of the spring 209, which extends between the handle 206 and the frame A, to which said handle and stop are pivoted. The sliding rod 203 has its bearings in the frame A and is provided with the handle 206 and the gage projection 120, which extends into the channel 121 under the line when introduced into said channel to gage said line from underneath. The rod 203 with the gage 120 has sufficient longitudinal motion to adjust the latter to the length of an unjustified line. The handle 206 is integral with the rod 203 and is used to move said rod up and down. The fiat spring-hook 202 is connected to the wall 201 and traverses the channel 121 to support the words of the new line opposite the open end of the galley I) while the lower part of said line is being justified. The galley b is situated at the left and has its bottom edge adjacent to the bottom of the space-channels 123. The galley b is provided with the guard-rule 235, held in place by a groove in the bottom edge of said galley and the latch 233 at the top to prevent the justified column from falling into the channel 121. The plurality of space-channels 123 are grouped together in a series at the front of the machine, being rigidly attached to the frame A. The front and back of the channels 123 are in the shape of arcs struck from the pivot 226 to conform with the paths of the vertical members carried by the arm 224. The bottoms of the channels 123 are slotted, thereby making the suspended Walls T-shaped at their bases. The slots 416 in said channel-bottoms are adapted to permit the plunger 409 to pass through, and the shoulders 419 each side of said slots support the space-columns.

The arm 224 swings on the stud 2'26, ex-

tending from the frame A, and is provided with the slide 431, to which the adjustable which has the projection 407 to support the upper bearing 407, that serves as a guide for the top of said bar. Thebar 406 has the recess 405 in one side to receive the plunger 409, by means of which said bar is adjusted Vertically. The bar 406 is also provided with the projection 408, extending forward under the space-channels 123 and then upward, terminating in the guard. 405. The guard 405 is located directly in front of the space-channel123 behind which the plunger 409 happens to be situated, and the under 1 edge of said guard is on the same plane with or a little above the top of said plunger and of the recess 405". The longitudinallyadjustable rod 203 has the rearWardly-extending finger 232 projecting back of the slide-bar 406 and to the right over the plunger 409 when the arm 224 is in its position to the left adjoining the galley b. s

The lever-arms 111 111*, &c., which con stitute the measuring elements, extend to the right from the sleeve 113, which is pivoted at 110 to suitable frame-brackets. The

lever-arms 111, &c., are simultaneously but i differentially operated by means of the lever 1.17 also pivoted at 110 and having the handle 142 and the spring-actuated pawl 217. The beak 11.8 of the pawl 217 is adapted to engage any one of the nicks 122 when released by the operator, being designed to register with the particular nick that corresponds with the number of spaces required in a given type-line. The nicks 122 are cut in a fixed member conveniently situated relativeto the beak 118, and the distances apart of said nicks, the lengths of the arm 117 and of the arms 111 111*, &c., are so constructed with reference to each other that whenever said beak registers with any one of said nicks the front ends of said arms are raised out of normal position, each of them for a distance corresponding to the size of a pile containing the number of spaces represented by the engaged nick, the arms being commensurate by their difference in length with the different space sizes represented thereby. The front ends of the arms 111 111, &c., mesh with corresponding notches in the rear edges of the vertically-sliding bars 112 112 &c., said bars being adapted to reciprocate in the boxes 124 and 125, extending from the frame A. The bars 112, &c., are dependent for their position upon that of the lever-arms 11.1, &c., said position representing whatever number of spacesis required as determined by the operatonwhocounts the places for said spaces in the line and locates the pawl 217 accordingly, The blade 421, which supports and guides the plunger 409, is provided with the lug 138 to locate said plunger upon encountering one of the bars 1 12, &c.,in a po-- slticn corresponding with the amount of line slfiortage, as will appear more clearly hereina ter. The value of the unit adopted in connection with this machine or the difference in thickness between neighboring space sizes may be .005 of an inch, or greater or less, provided said difference is constant according to the requirements of the construction of said machine. The smallest space in the lefthand channel 123 may be said to contain three of these units and the largest in the right-hand channel 123 twelve of said units, with the intermediate sizes in the intermediate channels each increasing by one unit.

The swinging arm 224 has the intermediate space-receiving channel 521 connected to the platform 41.0, located. in front of the spacechannels 123. The channel 521 is carried by the arm 224 and has a lateral motion or travel sufficient to locate it opposite any one of the channels 1L3, as the case demands. The construction and the relation of the intermediate channel 521 with reference to the lug 138, the stud 226, and the sliding bars 112 112, &c., are such that whenever said lug is brought into contaot with one or another of said bars by the movement to the right of the arm 224 said channel becomes located in line with one of the channels 123, and by reason of the peculiar arrangement of parts the first mentioned channel is checked in a position directly opposite the particular channel 123 that contains the size of spaces represented or indicated by the last of said bars over which said stop has passed prior to being intercepted by the bar, which. is too high for it to clear. The intermediate channel 521 is provided with the left-hand movable wall 500, adapted to slide in its frame and having a shoulder 502 at the top to'bear or ride on the bar 502. The inclined bar 502 extends across the front of the chan- IIC nels 123, to which it is attached at the proper degree of inclination to correspond with the difference in thickness between the spaces in adjacent channels, so that said bar represents by the amount of said inclination in front of each of said channels the height of a space contained therein. The office of the bar 502 is to act as a cam whereby the wall 500 is wedged or forced upward high enough to make the opening 412 sufficiently wide to allow of the passage of whatever size of space is selected, said bar being at the proper height to intercept the rearwardly-extending shoulder on said wall. The space-pusher 509 is located in the channel 521 and connected with the thumb-piece 508, which is de- I signed to be actuated by hand when necessary to transfer a space from said channel into the line-channel 121. The normal position of the pusher 509 is directly to the right of the bottom space or a pile that may happen to be in the channel 521, being retained at that point by the spring 514, which is incased in a pocket below the platform 410 between the closed end of said pocket and the closed end of a tubular passage in the stem of the thumb-piece 508. An opening is provided in the immovable wall 522 of the channel 521- to afford a clear passage for the pusher 509.

The machine herein shown and described is equipped for handling ten different sizes of spaces and ten of each size for any single line of type, since there is that number of channels 123, bars 112, &c., levers 111, &c., and of nicks 122 It is obvious, however, that this number of respective members may be increased. or decreased; but for ordinarywork ten is deemed to be the proper number. The thicknesses of the spaces in the different channels 123 may be said to progress by a constant difference, termed a unit for convenience. This fact is illustrated by the diagrams in Figs. 8 and 10. In Fig. 8 ten piles of seven spaces each are shown resting upon a common base, with the right corners of a l of'said piles tangent to a radial line having the same center as said base, and the intermediate corners of said piles, composed of ,any number less than seven spaces, are also tangent to corresponding radials struckfrom the same center, all of said radials cutting a line at right angles to said base into equal parts. The bars 112, &c., correspond in position and difference in heights with the space piles in the channels 123 and the difference in thicknesses between successive sizes and with the difference in length between the levers 1.11, &c., and the distance apart of the located at heights corresponding with said 1 nicks 122 provides for limiting the rise and fall of said bars to heights equivalent to the numbers of spaces represented by said nicks. In short, the same radials to which piles of successive numbers of spaces are tangent traverse the tops of the bars 112, &c., when piles, as shown in Fig. 7, where said bars are raised to represent the spaces n the figure 1 below, and their position is also indicated by i dotted lines if piles of eight spaces instead of 'l gage-bars 112, &c., a similar adjustment of others of said members must take place relative to the spaces in the channels 123 to the end that a pile of spaces of a corresponding height consisting of a given number and of a corresponding size are selected. In Flg. 10 more than ten space piles of only four spaces each are shown, and a similar number of bars 112 112, &c. to said piles are illustrated 1n Fig. 9, the first ten of said bars being s1m1lar to those in Fig. 7, except they have been depressed from the seventh to the fourth space position, as indicated by dotted lines.

The following is a concrete example of the method of justifying a line of type with the l devices hereinbefore described, having spec al I reference to Figs. 2 and 5: Seven spaces are required in a given type-line the shortage of which is an unknown quantity, except as asl certained by the traverse of the same by the gage projection120. The lever 117 is moved I until the beak 118 registers with the seventh l nick 122, and the bars 112 112, &c., are

raised into the position shown in Fig. 5 by the lever-arms 1 11 111 &c., with the height of each above a fixed plane representing the j plane of the bottom of the spaces in the channels 123, a distance equal to a pile of seven spaces corresponding in lateral location to that of the bar. The movement of the pro jection 120 in exact accordance with the amount of line shortage has caused the finger 232 to travel a like distance, and when the plunger 409 is elevated to meet said finger it rises for a distance also representing said shortage. I/Vhile retained at the height just specified by the latch-lever 420* the plunger 409 is swung over the bars 112, 620., until the lug 138 comes into engagement with one of said bars, and the last bar cleared by the lug 138, or the fifth in this case, represents the particular size of spaces necessary to justify l the line and locates said plunger relative to the same. The amount of shortage is seven times seven units, or seven times the fifth I size of spaces, or reckoning .005 as the value of a unit,,7 X .035, equal to .245. In case i the smallest size of spaces is designated it l will be understood that the lug 138 does not f pass over any of the bars 112, &c., because the left-hand bar 112, which said lug encounters, is the first one in its path. The result must be the same, however, as in the other J instances.

j Assuming that a column of loose unjustified type has been placed in the galley a and pushed to the left until the first line is within the channel 121, the operation of my machine is as follows: By manipulating the handle 142 the operator engages, with the beak 118, the particular nick 122 that corresponds with the number of spaces which the line is to contain, he having ascertained what that number is by a visual inspection of said line. If the lever 117 was depressed, so that the pawl 217 registered with the lowest nick 122 at the start and'there is more than one space demanded, the manipulation above referred to of the handle 142 and said pawl raises said lever, the lever-arms 111. 111*, &c., and the bars 112 112*, &c., which latter in reality form a series of stops when introduced into the path of the lug 138, as illustrated in Fig. 5. By grasping the handles 206 and 206 between his thumb and finger the operator presses them together, especially bearing down on said handle 206 against the action of the spring 209 to swing the stop 120 from its position outside of the channel 121. to its position inside and across thesame, and then he draws the handle 206 and the bar 203 upward, with the gage projection 120 under the lower end of the line, raising said line until it is tight against the base of the stop 120. The movement of the projection 120, as described above, is equal to the amount of line shortage, and the "finger 232 travels the same distance. With his left hand on the handle 417 he raises the blade 421 and the space-plunger 409 until the latter encounters the finger 232, which is connected, through the rod 203, with the gage projection 120 to indicate the length of the line shortage and accurately locate said plunger at a height corresponding to that of said shortage. The height of the plunger 409 now registers with that of a pile of spaces of a certain size and number equal to the line shortage, being the amount which the finger 282 was displaced by raising the projection 120. The V- shaped friction clamp or lever 420*, which was pressed out of contact at the time the handle 417 was grasped, is now released and under the influence of the spring 420 bears hard against the upright or bracket of the slide 431 to hold the blade 421 and attached. plunger 409 securely in place at the height just designated. The arm 224 is now swung to the ri ht until the lug 138 strikes against the first bar or gage 112, 112, &c., which is too high for it to clear. This interception of parts locates the plunger 409 backof the required size of spaces or the particular size which when multiplied. by the necessary number gives the amount of the shortage of the line being acted upon. The handle 417 is next drawn-forward, and the plunger 409 coming up behind the required number of the designated size of spaces in their particular channel 123 eXpels them from said channel and transfers said-spaces into the intermediate channel 521, the guard 405, which necessarily follows said plunger in its vertical movement as already described, preventing the spaces above the selected number from being disturbed by this longitudinal plunger movement. A downward pull on the handle 417 causes the plunger 409 to be depressed in order to allow the spaces which lie above it in the channel 123, to move downward tothe bottom of said channel without danger of displacement. The plunger 409 being clear of the channels 123, the operator moves the handle 417 to the left, carrying with it the arm 224 and the intermediate channel 521 until the latter is brought against the line-ohannel 121, and the machine is ready for theintroduction of spaces into the line, the stop 120 having been removedfrom said channel by the spring 209 as soon as the handle 206 was released. By manipulating the rule 200 the operator lifts the words from the line one at a time past the spring-hook 202 and into that part of the channel 121 which lies opposite the galley 6. While the operation of lifting the words is going'on, after the first has been raised onto the hook 202 the operators right hand is placed against the thumb-piece 508 in readiness to actuate the pusher 509. At the time the plunger 409was located by one of the bars 112, &c., the bar 502 raised the movable wall 500 a suflicient distance to allow a single space of the selected size to pass through the opening 412, and said wall is retained by friction in its elevated position after the arm 224 has been swung to the left, and so remains until depressed by hand at the end of the operation of justifying the line. W hen the top of the second and each succeeding word arrives in position below the hook 202, a pressure on the thumb-piece 508 actuates the pusher 509 to the left and the bottom space in the channel 521 is thrust through the opening 412 onto the top of said word, which is then raised above said hook to make room for the next. When the line has been completed, by'a repetition of the operations just previously described the rule 235 is withdrawn and transferred to the right of the newly-justified line, which is then pressed to the left with the column of justified type to clear the channel 121 for the succeeding line. The brackets and other parts of the frame A that support the several operative members are tilted back at a suitable angle to safely hold for manipulation loose type lines and spaces, as will be understood by referring to i Fig. 3. I tion, however, these operative parts, which are inclined in practice, are shown and described for the sake of convenience and brevity as standing vertically. While the n. echanism shown as embodying the invention is adapted for handling ordinary type and the invention is especially intended for such use, it will be understood In the drawings and specificathat the invention is not limited to machines for justifying such ordinary type, but may be appliedalso in justifying type, matrices, or the like of any suitable material, and that the word type is used in this specification and the claims in this broad sense. It will be understood, also, that the devices for measuring the line shortage and dividing suchshortage by the-number of, intervals in the line to determine the proper width of justifying-spaces are applicable not only in machinesfor justi fying composed lines of type or matrices, but in line-justifying mechanism of other classes, and the term justifying mechanism herein is used in this broad sense to include all classes of typographic work in which lines are to be justified for printing or the production of printingsurfaces. These calculating devices in the machine illustrated and described herein are combined with a spacemagazine and devices for supplying and inserting ready-made spaces; but. it will be understood that the justifying-spaces, the size of which is determined by these calculating devices, may be provided otherwise than by using ready-made spaces, suitable space forming or supplying and inserting devices being combined with the calculating devices for this purpose.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a justifying mechanism, a series of relatively movable gages, corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, in combination with means for relatively adjusting said gages in accordance with the number of intervals in a line, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a justifying mechanism, a series of relatively movable gages, corresponding respectively to the individual spaces of a gradu ated series of spaces, and means for adjusting said gages to each represent the same number ofits respective spaces.

3. In a justifying mechanism, a series of relatively movable gages, corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, combined with.

means for simultaneously moving all of the gages of the series distances proportional to the spaces they represent respectively.

4. In a justifying mechanism, a series of relatively movable gages, corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, combined with means for indicating the number of intervals in a line of print, and means for moving said gages simultaneously, and each an amount equal to the space it corresponds to multiplied by the number of intervals in the line.

5. In a justifying mechanism, a series of relatively movable gages, corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, combined with a lever adjustable in accordance withthe number ofintervals in a line, and connections between said lever and said gages, said gages being simultaneously movable in proportion tothe spaces they represent, respectively.

6. In a justifying mechanism, a seriesof relatively movable gages, corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, combined with a series of lever-arms mounted upon a common fulcrum and engaging said gages respectively, a lever for moving said arms, and

8. In a justifying mechanism, a series of relatively movable gages, corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, and means for adjusting said gages respectively in proportion to the spaces they represent, in combination with a part movable in one direction in proportion to the line shortage, and in a second direction until intercepted by one of said gages.

9. In a justifying mechanism, a series of relatively movable gages, corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, and neans for adjusting said gages to each represent a pile of its respective spaces in number equal to the number of intervals in a line, in combination with a part niovalule in correspondence with the shortage of a line, and means for bringing said part and said gages into cooperation to determine the size of spaces required for justification.

10. In a type-justifying mechanism, the

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combination with a m agazine for a graduated series of spaces, of a space-e ecting plunger adjustable laterally and longitudinally of the 1r. agazine-channels, means for controlling said longitudinal adjustment in accordance with the shortage of a line, and a series of relatively movable gages corresponding to the graduated series of spaces and arranged to control the lateral adjustment of the plunger.

11. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a magazine for a graduated series of spaces, of a space-ejecting plunger adjustable laterally and longitudinally of the magazine-channels, a series of relatively movable gages corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, means for moving said gages simultaneously in accordance with the number of intervals in a line, means for adjusting the space-plunger in accordance with the shortage of a line whereby it is made to register with a pile of spaces equal to said shortage, and means for bringing said space-plunger into engagement with one of said gages whereby it is caused to register with the channel containing the proper number and size of 7 spaces for the line.

12. In a type-justifying mechanism, the 1 combination with a magazine for agrad'uated 'series of spaces, of a space-ejecting plunger in the rear of said magazine and adjustable laterally and longitudinally of the magazinechannels, aspace-receiving channel in front of said magazine and having a movable side, and an inclined guide on said magazine adapted to raise said side in proportion to the size of s aces selected, whereby an opening is provi ed at the bottom of the receivingchannel through which said spaces may be ejected into the line.

13. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a magazine having channels for various sizes of justifying-spaces, of a blade for ejecting spaces, and means for adjusting said blade laterally and longitudinally of the magazine to cause the same to register with the required number and size of spaces to justify a line of type.

14. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a reservoir having channels for various sizes of justifying-spaces, of an ejecting-blade adjustable laterally and longitudinally of the magazine, means controlled by the number of intervals in, and the measurement of, an unjustified line for setting said blade to register with the required number and size of spaces to justify the line, and means for reciprocating the blade to eject said spaces.

15. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a magazine, and means for ejecting therefrom by a single movement the justifying-spaces required to justify a line of type, of a receiver adapted to hold the spaces so ejected, and means for subsequently transferring the individual spaces successively to the line to be transferred.

16. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination-with a magazine for a graduated series of spaces, of a space-ejecting plunger in the rear of the magazine, a receiving-channel in front of said magazine, means for reciprocating the plunger to transfer a pile of spaces to said receiving-channel, and a reciprocating pusher at the bottom of said receivin -channel adapted to eject the spaces lateral y and singly therefrom.

17. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a magazine for a graduated series of spaces, of a space-ejecting plunger in the rear of said magazine, averticallymovable slide on which said plunger is mounted, a laterally-movable support for said slide, and means for holding said slide-in any desired vertical adjustment.

18. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a magazine for a graduated series of spaces, of a space-ejecting plunger in the rear of said magazine, a vertically-movableslide on which said plunger is mounted, a support in which said slide moves, and a spring-pawl carried by the slide and enga ing the support whereby the slide is held inany desired vertical adjustment.

.spaces as set forth.

19. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a magazine for a graduated series of spaces, of a space-ejecting plunger adjustable laterally-and longitudinally of the magazine-channels, a slide movable laterally and longitudinally of the magazine-channels by engagement with said plunger, and a guard in front of the magazine carried by said slide, said slide being unaffected by the reciprocations of the ejecting-plunger.

20. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a magazine having channels for a plurality of sizes of spaces, and an ejecting-blade movable laterally of the magazine to register with any one of said channels, of a series of stops to limit the lateral movement of said plate, means for measuring the shortage of an unjustified line, and connections between said measuring means and said stops whereby the proper stop is brought into action to locate the ejectingblade opposite the proper channel.

21. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a space-magazine having its channels arranged in the arc of a circle, of a pivoted support adapted to swing across said channels in the rear of the magazine, a vertically-adjustable ejecting-blade carried on said support, and means for reciprocating said blade.

22. In a type-justifier, in combination, with means for measuring a line of type, a space-magazine having a series of space-channels, a space-plunger blade, an arm and a slide supporting said blade, the former imarting a lateral movement thereto and the atter a longitudinal movement to thesame, and a channel member to receive the pile of spaces dislodged by the longitudinal move ment of said blade, for the purpose set forth.

23. In a type-justifier, in combination, a space-magazine, a space-plunger blade attached to a vertically-reciprocating member supported by a slide mounted in a swinging arm whereby three distinct movements are permitted and imparted to said blade, and a channel member adapted to receive the pile of spaces dislodged by the longitudinal movement of said blade, for the purpose set forth.

24. In a type-justifier, in combination with a space-magazine, a longitudinally movable space-plunger blade in the rear of the magazine and adapted to dislodge a selected number of spaces from any given channelin said magazine, an arm supporting said blade, and a guard in front of the magazine and adjustable with the blade, said guard bein arranged to prevent said blade from dislo ging more than said selected number of 25. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a type-measuring channel, of a measuring-gage operating at one end of said channel, and a movable stop or abutment normally out of the path of the type in said channel but adapted to .be thrown into said. path when it is. desired to measure a line.

26. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a type-measuring channel, a measuring-gage operating in said channel, and a handle for. moving said gage, of a pivotally-mountedabutment against which the line is measured, a spring normally holding said abutment out of the channel, and a handle for. throwing said abutment into the channel.

27. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with the typechannel,- the gage for measuring a type-line therein, and the finger connected therewith, of a. magazine for a graduated series of spaces, and an ejectingplunger adjustable laterally and longitudinally of the magazine-channels, the said longitudinal adjustment being effected by bringing said plunger into engagement with said- 28. In a type-justifier, in combination, a; series of gage-bars adjustable to represent a:

series of piles of successive sizes of spaces containing the same, number each, a lever and a series of arms adapted to adjust said series of bars at different positions, a spaceplunger arranged to be located in one direction in accordance with the amount of line shortage, and means for locating said plunger in another direction against the particular bar of said series that stands in its path, for the purpose set forth.

29. In a type-justifier, in combination, a series of simultaneously but differentially movable lever-arms, a lever adapted to operate said arms, and a pawloperating to retain said parts in their. temporary positions, for the purpose set forth.

30. In a type-justifier, in combination, a series of longitudinally-movable bars so disposed as to represent space-piles ofsuccessive sizes containing the same number of spaces, gaging. members for indicating the amount -of line shortage, a plunger adjustable to be located in accordance with the position. of said members to represent the di mension of said. shortage or of aspace-pile capable of filling the same, and means for bringing said plunger into conjunction with one of saidlbars, for the purpose set forth.

31. In a type-justifyingmachine,,in combination, a stop and a gage projection for clamping a typeline, said gage projection arranged to be moved with said line against said stop to indicate the amount of shortage, a plunger adjustable in accordance with the position of saidprojection, a series of adjustable bars so disposed as to represent the different dimensions of space-piles each containing the number of spaces required by said line, and means for engaging said plunger. with the particular one of said bars that corresponds with the required size of spaces, for the purpose set forth.

32. In a type-justifier, in combination, a gage projection to bear against a short typeline and determine the amount of shortage, a finger connected to said pro ection and adjustable therewith, a space-plunger arranged to move against said finger, and means to bring said plunger opposite the particular size of spaces, a given number of which will be equal in dimension to the distance be tween their base and the top of said plunger, for the purpose set forth.

83. In a type-justifier, in combination, a gage projection to bear against an incompletetype-line and determine the amount of shortage, a plunger adjustable in accoriance with the height of said projection, a series of longitudinallymovable bars representing piles of successive sizes of spaces, a lug on said plunger adapted to move transversely in relation to said bars until intercepted by one of them, thereby locating said plunger opposite the particular size of spaces a given number of which will be equal in dimension to the distance between their base and the top of the plunger, for the purpose set forth.

34. In a type-justifier, in combination with a plurality of channels arranged to receive columns of successive sizes of spaces, a space-plunger having a double movement, gaging members to traverse the line shortage and locate said plunger accordingly in one direction, means for longitudinally moving the same to the extent of expelling a pile of spaces equivalent to its height from the adjacent. channel, and a guard cooperative with said plunger, in front of said channel to prevent the spaces above said pile from being displaced, for the purpose set forth.

35. In a type-justifior, in combination with a plurality of channels arranged to receive columns of successive sizes of spaces, a space-plunger having a triplicate adjustment, gaging members to traverse the line shortage and locate said plunger accordingly in one direction, a series of longitudinallymovable bars to locate said plunger in another direction behind one of said channels, and means for longitudinally moving the same in a third direction to the extent of expelling a pile of spaces from the adjacent channel, for the purpose set forth.

36. In a type-justilier, in combination with a plurality of channels arranged to receive columns of successive sizes of spaces, a spaceplunger having a triplicate adjustment, gaging members to traverse the line shortage and locate said plunger accordingly in. one

direction, a series of longitudinally-movable bars to locate said plunger in another direction behind one of said channels, meansfor longitudinally moving the same in a third direction to the extent of expelling a pileof TIO spaces from the adjacent channel, and a guard cooperative with said plunger, in front of said channel to prevent the spaces above said pile from being displaced, for the purpose set forth.

37 In a type-justifier, in combination with a space-plunger having a lateral and a longitudinal movement relative to piles of successive sizes of spaces, a pluralityof channels provided with shouldered and slotted bottoms for holding said spaces and allowing said plunger to operate through the same, for the purpose set forth.

38. In a type-justilier, in combination with an arc-shaped series of space-channels, an oscillating arm -extending below said channels, a spaceplunger and an intermediate spacereceiving channel carried by said arm, in operative relation with the back and front of said first-mentioned channels, respectively, for the purpose set forth.

39. In a type-justifier, in combination with a plurality of space-channels, an oscillating arm supporting an intermediate space-receiving channel in front of said space-channels, means to transfer a pile of spaces from one of said first mentioned channels into the second, and means for removing the spaces in said receiving-channel, one at a time, and

introducing them into the line-channel, for the purpose set forth.

40. In a type-justifier, in combination with a plurality of space-channels, an oscillating arm supporting an intermediate space-receiving channel in front of said space-channels, means to transfer a pile of spaces from one of said first-mentioned channels'into the second, a wall in said receiving-channel movableto the extent of the thickness of indi vidual spaces contained therein, and a a time, beneath said wall and into the linechannel, for the purpose set forth.

41. In a type-justifier, in combination, an arm supporting a slide adjustable longitudinally of said arm, a blade mounted in said slide and operating at substantially right angles to the movement of the latter, a latch lever adapted to lock said blade in position at any point of its adjustment relative to said slide, and a space-plunger rigidly attached to said blade, for the purpose set forth.

42. In a type-justifier, in combination with a plurality of space-channels, a spaceplunger adjustable to the height of a pile of required spaces, a longitudinally-sliding bar operated by said plunger, a guard connected with said bar by a projection extendingbeneath said channels, said guard being located directly in front of said plunger and having its lower edge substantially on a line with the top thereof, and an oscillating arm supportifng plaid plunger and bar, for the purpose set ort usher adapted to thrust said spaces, one at 43. In a type-justifier, in combination with a plurality of channels arranged to receive columns of successive sizes of spaces, an intermediate channel adapted to receive a pile nels, an inclined bar across the latter, and a movable wall in said intermediate channel adapted to be raised by said bar a distance substantially equivalent, to the thickness of a space contained in the particular space-channel in front of which said intermediate channel is located, for the purpose set forth.

44. In a type-justifier, in combination with a plurality of channels arranged to receive columns of successive sizes of spaces, an in termediate channel adapted to receive a pile of spaces from any one of said space-channels, an inclined bar across the latter, a movable wall in said intermediate channel adapted to be raised by said bar a distance substantially equivalent to the thickness of a space contained in the particular space-channel in front of which said intermediate channel is located, and a pusher to remove the spaces, one by one, from said lastmentioned channel, beneath said wall, for the purpose set forth.

'45. In a type-justiiier, in combination, a plurality of space-channels, an inclined bar across said channels, an intermediate spacereceiving channel, and a movable wall therein. provided with a projection or shoulder adapted to engage said bar and raise said wall when said intermediate channel is actuated in front of said space-channels, for the purpose set forth.

46. In a justifying mechanism, a series of relatively movable projections, means for moving them with relation to each other according to the number of spaces in the line, combined with mechanism adapted to engage said projections and cause the selection of a justifying-space.

47. In a justifying mechanism, in combivariation from the required length,

48; In a justifying mechanism, a series of relatively movable projections, a cooperating member between which and said projections there is a relative movement, means for causing one of said relative movements according to the number of spaces in the line to be justified, and the other relative movepient according to the measurement of the 49. In a justifying mechanism, in combiof spaces from any one of said space-channation, a series of relativelymovable projections, a cooperating member between which and said projections there is also a relative movement, means for causing one of said relative movements according to thenumber ofspaces in the line to be justified, and the other according to, themeasurementof the line, and space-controlling mechanism. governed by said projections.

50. In a justifying mechanism, the combination with means for measuring a composed line of type, of a series of relatively movable space-determining gages, and means for relatively adjusting saidgages in accordance with the number of intervals in a line, for the pur ose set forth,

51. Iii a justifying mechanism, the, combination with means for measuring a composed line of type, of a series of relatively movable gages, corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, and means for simultaneously moving all of the gages of the series, distances proportional to the spaces they represent.

52. In a justifying mechanism, the combination with means for measuring a composed line of type, of a series of relatively movable gages, corresponding to a graduated series of spaces, means for indicating the number ofv intervals in the line, and means for moving said gages simultaneously, and each an amount equal to the space it corresponds to jnultiplied by the number of intervals in the 53. In a justifying mechanism, the combination with means for measuring a composed line of type, of a series of relatively movable space --determining gages, a member and means for adjusting said member in proportion to the shortage of the measured line, and means for applying said gages to said member, for the purpose set forth.

54. In a justifying mechanism, the combination with means for measuring a composed line of type, of a series of relatively movable projections, means for moving said projections with relation to each other according to the number of spaces in the line, and mechanism adapted to engage said projections and determine a justifying-space in accordance with the measurement of the line and the relative movement of said projections.

55. In a justifying mechanism, the combination with means for measuring a composed line of type, of a series of relatively movable projections, a cooperating member between which and said projections there is a relative movement, means for causing one of said relative movements according to the number of spaces in the measured line, and the other relative movement according to the measurement of the line.

56. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, means for measuring a composed line of type, a series of relatively movable projections, a cooperating member between,

which and saidprojections there is alsoa relative movement, means for causing one of the line, and space-controlling mechanism,

governedby said projections.

57. In a justifying mechanism, a series of simultaneously but differentially movable 1e:

ver-arms, in combination withmeans for,

moving said arms in accordance with the number of spacesm the line.

58. In a justifying mechanism, a series of simultaneouslybut differentially movable lever-arms, corresponding to the sizes of spaces used in the justifying mechanism, in combination with means for moving said arms in 1accordance with the number of spaces in the 59. In a justifying mechanism, a series of simultaneously but differentially movable lever-arms corresponding to the sizes of spaces used inthe justifying mechanism, in combination with means for selecting one of said lever-arms in accordance with the line short age, and means for moving said arms in ac- 1cordance with the number of spaces in the 60. In a justifying mechanism, a series of levers having their fulcra at varying distances from the ends of the levers, in combination with means for selecting and positioning one of said levers in accordance with the line shortage and number of spaces in-the line for determining the width of justifyingspaces.

61. In a justifying mechanism, a series of levers having their fulcra at varying distances from the ends of the levers, in combination with means controlled by said levers for determining the justifying-spaces for the 62. In a justifying mechanism, a series of levers having their fulcra at varying distances from the ends of the levers and includ ing a lever for each size of space used in the machine, in combination with means controlled by said levers for selecting the justifying-spaces for the line.

63. In a justifying mechanism, a series of levers having their fulcra at varying distances from the ends of thelevers and including a lever for each size of space used in the machine, said levers being adapted to be moved in accordance with the number of spaces in the line, in combination with means for selecting one of said levers in accordance with said movement and the shortage of the line to determine the width of justifyingspaces.

64. In a justifying mechanism, a series of simultaneously but differentially movable lever-arms, corresponding to the sizes of spaces used in the justifying mechanism, in combination with means for selecting one of said arms and applying it to determine the Width of justifying-spaces from the line shortage and number of spaces in the line.

65. In a justifying mechanism, a pivoted member carrying a series of engaging surfaces at varying distances from the pivot, in combination with means for selecting one of said surfaces and applying it to determine the Width of justifying-spaces from the line shortage and number of spaces in the line.

66. In a type-justifier, the combination with a space-magazine and means for ejecting spaces from the magazinechannels, devices for determining the size of justifyingspaces, and a guard controlled by said devices for limiting the number of spaces ejected. Y

67. In a type-justifier, the combination With means for measuring a line of type, a space-magazine having a series of spacechannels, means for ejecting piles of spaces from said channels, a line-channel member, and an intermediate space-receiving device mounted on a movable arm, and arranged to transfer a pile of spaces from any one of the channels in said magazine into operative re- L lation with said line-channel member, for the purpose set forth.

BENJ. M. DES JARDINS. Witnesses:

ED. E. CLAUSSEN, EVA S. SHEL'roN. 

